4/9/2024 0 Comments Ubuntu batch script example![]() ![]() sh extension, but really - it's unnecessary. Personally, I just use command line text editors ( nano for the most part or vim ) analogy here would be edit in pre-Windows 7 versions of Windows.įile names and extensions don't matter on *NIX systems, as the system reads the file's first several bytes to determine its type. This has to be done in text editor, but you could also write it in LibreOffice Writer and then save it in plain text. Every shell has some specifics about its' syntax of commands, hence you have to tailor your script accordingly. I specify the #!/bin/sh it will be ran by Ubuntu's default shell - dash. That will cause the script to be read and interpreted by your current shell ( aka command interpreter ). In terminal you can call a file without the shebang line. Typically you will see something like this: #!/bin/shįirst line specifies an interpreter ( commonly refereed to as shebang line ), second is a comment ( anything after # is not interpreted, just plain text ), third one is actual command Here's couple of things you should know: Basic structure For the most part, scripts are a file with multiple commands or commands arranged in specific ways. What is called in the Windows world a "batch" file, is called a "script" in *NIX world. script.sh with root privileges, so your password will be required (you have to be the system admin, of course). ![]() part and don't leave any spaces between the. I won't go into a full list of what all the different permissions mean, but this question summarises them fairly well. +x adds the execute permission for all users, which allows anyone to run the script as though it's any other program. Run the following command: chmod +x script.shĬhmod means "change mode", and is used to change who can do what with your script. Open a terminal and cd to the path where you saved your script. We'll run the script as super user, so there's no need to change file permissions. There is no need for an extension, but for symbolic reasons, name it with a. # update package cache and check for broken dependencies # check for software upgrades and upgrade them # note that "sudo" is not required here because we will run the script as super user later. # the line above sets bash as the interpreter In your specific case, to run the specified commands, we can use bash, in a script like this: #!/bin/bash What bash does is basically running binaries with arguments specified in the script from paths included in the PATH environment variable (it usually includes /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin and others).īut you can also use other interpreters such as Python, Perl, Ruby, sh, csh, zsh, dash, ksh, besides tons of options.īelow the she-bang comes your script. In Linux we usually use "bash" (Bourne Again SHell), an "evolution" of the good ol' Bourne Shell. Where /path/to/interpreter is the location of the binary that will be used to interpret your script. To make a script like this, open up a text editor (like Leafpad) and start with a line like this: #!/path/to/interpreter There are no "batch" files in the unix-like world. ![]()
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